Sunday, March 13, 2011

Who was kicked out of the game circle


Distributors in the heavyweight before the advent of large direct supply P & G, a large distributor of dreams can only stay in the dream stage, and distributors will continue to continue the struggle.

See Liu Ruihua Yanzhou in a small alley in his yard. Just cover up the rough housing renovation have not had time, in addition to the living room's look has placed a very old wooden sofa with the same "age" of the coffee table outside, and nothing, it touches on the coffee table several books on business management class books and a lot of information, but also feels the owner of this house is not a general marketplace people.

"I'm no longer doing business, and has just transferred to others, is currently in consultation with P & G to do the final handover." When asked whether the current situation, the 50-year-old Shandong guy with a slightly embarrassed tone said.

Since May of this year, P & G began its national distributor of "shake-up" operation, Yanzhou Changtai wash the limited liability company (hereinafter referred to Changtai) as one of P & G distributors in Shandong, and the other four The P & G with a "shake-up" operation of the first, "Bei Zhu who." Liu Ruihua and he had operated between Changtai immediately became the major financial media coverage of the hot spots.
However, in what has been two months time, Ruihua still unknown Bai Changtai out why the game was kicked out of P & G foot circle. "I think from all aspects of Changtai Zhi Qian Di, we are all basically meeting the P & G Yao Qiu, even if You lack of 鍦版柟, we have been improved, But why are they to replace Changtai? Er for the time why not give us Time? "

Tai Hui is also represents a loss of fast moving consumer goods industry in our country, most distributors are facing an inevitable fate.

4 years of marriage

Back in 1994, Rui-Hua Liu began to start the wash of the business, the military background of entrepreneurs in the initial wash of products do indeed too proud.

"My military status makes me have more resources than others, which do business in the beginning helped me a lot." Ruihua said in the first few years time, the business has done very Changtai fire, This has been extended to the cooperation with Procter & Gamble.

Prior to 2001, P & G distributors in Jining Jining department store was due to defects in the management system, combined with the washing of the industry quite a mixed bag at the end, Jining department store closed down.
Since then, P & G's products appeared in Jining 4,5 months out of stock, in this case, when P & G account manager Tao found Changtai. "At that time Changtai do wash products in Jining are relatively large scale, so do P & G distributors meet the qualifications." Rui-Hua Liu said.

Thus began Changtai After nearly 4 years with P & G alliance, but early progress and not as good as expected Ruihua. As the mode of operation before the Changtai do not coincide with the P & G, so for a long period of time and lost in the operation of Chu Baojie thinking, long run-in period to the beginning of agent Changtai P & G products, difficult.

But Liu Ruihua has not given up and the washing of giant Procter & Gamble, opportunities for cooperation, not only because of P & G's strong enough. Procter & Gamble, the huge advertising costs each year making it known household name, and our washing of the industry, widespread more than a distributor and supplier cooperation phenomenon, before 2003, Changtai no exception.

Liu Ruihua admitted: "do P & G's products can bring the sales of other brands." Distributor in order to earn more profit, and often took the P & G's brand awareness to build their own downline distributors in the face of the authority power to win the next line into the P & G products wholesalers can also consider other brands.

However, this approach has clearly angry with the Procter & Gamble. "Some of P & G's distributor, will provide advanced management of P & G, Procter & Gamble used his competitors at the same time agents who, it is intolerable to Procter & Gamble." Qun Xiang, public relations manager for P & G has said so.

P & G Greater China Sales Manager Niekai Wen has said in previous media, the replacement of some of the main distributors have not reached the required P & G's "exclusive focus." "Dealers have become more and more, and other daily products to expand on them, so good. But for us, not the case. Therefore, only the end of the cooperation. Procter & Gamble, to replace a certain amount every year dealer, find the right partner. "

This seems understandable reasons, but Ruihua is still not understand why. "We are the only P & G introduced Shandong distributors 'exclusive focus on' the."

Before 2003, a total of proxy Changtai 8 brand, but because of Jining in Shandong Province is not very strong economy, so the capacity of washing products market has been less than other cities. In response to this market environment, Ruihua that instead of doing more than one or two brands to concentrate on business, may be able to achieve even greater results. Therefore, gradually give up other brands Changtai agent, began to franchise the brand P & G a step forward. "At the time P & G does not require distributors to implement 'exclusive focus', this is totally out of our own to consider."

In 2003, monthly sales of P & G's products Changtai basically maintained at around 2 million yuan, and this performance in P & G is not of any performance, so in order to get P & G's approval, to Procter & Gamble in 2004 began to focus a Changtai Brand's agent, Ruihua be determined.

"The practice of exclusive, we strive to Jining Heze area P & G satisfied the market to do so, but the end result, Changtai basically set up our own standards and P & G's request." Rui-Hua Liu said, "from 2004 Nianxia half a year since the beginning Changtai every month profit more than ten million. "

However, the advent of good days and did not last too long, less than a year, the fate seems to Ruihua opened a big joke, which makes him very difficult to sustain in this life there is reversion.

On June 23 this year, P & G oral terminate the cooperation with Changtai, July 15, the termination of the agreement in writing in the Ruihua delivery desk. So far, the Department of P & G and long Taivi 3 years 10 months of this marriage on the end of this lightning, and one of the founders of this marriage is still unable to get out Ruihua was shadow.

Sad to cooperate?

P & G entered China in 1988, and then a soap factory in Guangzhou and Hong Kong and Hutchison Whampoa Group, established in the country's first joint venture. In the first 5 years, P & G selected distributors mostly soap factory in Guangzhou's commercial customers around the country, these business customers are basically state-run department store wholesale centers, and supply and marketing cooperatives, or industry and trade company.

These traditional trade enterprises in the years of planning system, the establishment of a commercial radiation network layers, from the provincial stations, the municipal station, county stand up to the village level supply and marketing cooperatives. However, it is a business network has helped P & G's initial business development, Head & Shoulders, Rejoice rely on the network to be successful promotion.

With the initial success of the domestic businesses of Procter & Gamble, P & G to speed up the pace of introduction of various products, and proposed a new distribution concept, emphasizing the market work 4P, namely: product, price, promotion, and shelf management.

But the traditional philosophy behind business customers, but also difficult to change the original concept, coupled with the rigid system of employee motivation is not high, the long-standing arrears of payment habits, resulting in P & G's products in short supply though, but P & G's accounts receivable on the dealer's lot accounts are difficult to recover, and Procter & Gamble's sales staff are mostly first soap factory in Guangzhou, salesman, sales techniques and concepts have significant limitations.

At a time when the management of P & G to recruit their own interns have received professional training, and has been training in the market, many performance has been outstanding. As a result, P & G determined to start training in China with advanced marketing concepts, and can assume the functions of the distributor distribution.

Since 1993, Procter & Gamble sales manager who will be around throughout the country launched a massive search for distributors in the contest, in many regions, and even set up a distributor to expand the title, until 1998, Procter & Gamble dramatic increase in the number of distributors. The Procter & Gamble launched just this period Whisper, Safeguard and other new products, so soon be distributed to each store, Procter & Gamble created a brilliant again.

"The sea of people rely on traditional tactics, P & G product distribution rate has been greatly increased." Hua Tian Trade Co., Ltd. Jinan Century (hereinafter referred to as Chinese-day) deputy general manager Liu Mingtao told reporters that China is at this time and the days of P & G "fates got tied "came together, started nearly 10 years of cooperation the two sides.

"Although at that time, some distributors with annual sales of up to tens of millions or even billion yuan. But this situation did not last a long time. In 1996, China P & G products agent day, the day had hardly been has passed. "Liuming Tao said.

P & G was more than 300 distributors across the country, but the various businesses are relatively small, with washing of industries many brands, product competition, so distributors have begun between the competing, and led to P & G products " changing products "phenomenon.

In 1996, the two figures of foreign retail companies began to emerge in mainland China, but also planted the seeds of P & G distributors in China today on the tragic fate of the evil kind.

December 3, 1996, Carrefour opened the first store in Beijing the same year, Wal-Mart store in Shenzhen, announced the opening, then, P & G will direct supply model into China, which manufacturers sell goods to Wal-Mart first, Carrefour distribution center, distribution center and then re-sold to Wal-Mart and Carrefour. In this way, China has gradually evolved into consumer goods supply chain manufacturers and distributors in more than one branch between the - modern retailing.
From 1996 to 1999, P & G began the reform of the supply chain in China, will be among the distributors of "butterfly" cooperation model to the direct supply of "mirror-type" paradigm shift. According to people who worked at Procter & Gamble said, "butterfly" that the invoice for the purchase of financial and procurement to give sales and marketing to finance list again. Although this mutual ventilation, but merely transmitting information, no useful value-added, while the Ministry of Information, logistics personnel are hidden behind.
In this case, in order to more effectively use all aspects of the supply chain, Procter & Gamble has set "butterfly" team gradually into "mirror-type" team, the so-called Jing Xiang-based team, is the P & G and its customers multi-sectoral Jie He together. Manufacturer's sales staff will work with distributors or retailers of the procurement staff to communicate, while the two sides of the operations manager, finance, IT, logistics, etc. will be on mutual cooperation.

With this change, you can achieve the sale of P & G and its customers have access to multiple back office support for the company, while the focus of work to P & G P & G's plans and sales forecasts above, putting the focus of the market focus to the promotion and channel construction.

As the only Wal-Mart and Carrefour the first two direct supply customers, while P & G is the first internal supply chain integration, many distributors for P & G is concerned, no pressure and the threat of potential.
After 1999, some large chain store large numbers of retail outlets they want and direct cooperation with Procter & Gamble, which undoubtedly squeezing the distribution channels of living space. The P & G began in 1999 and implemented throughout the large customer group, so far, P & G's retail business model to take direct supply ratio of 33% of the total.

"In the current retail area of Jinan City, the terminal has reached more than a dozen stores, they appear to us more and more pressure to bear." Liuming Tao said.

Control in these stores almost all the market situation in Jinan city, the Chinese market in Jinan can only days to explore those retailers can not cover the surrounding district towns, but this effect and the poor. "We have tried to make our sales staff around with cars full of goods directly to Jinan to sell some of the towns, but a month down, we only sold only about 100,000 yuan." Liuming Tao said that this is far less than P & G the required eight million yuan on sales.

In addition, P & G prices to distributors to implement a unified price, has become a distributor of P & G products that do not make money one of the reasons. "To be able to Jining's market bigger, we decided to adopt different prices in different regions as the sales strategy." Ruihua said Changtai often getting goods at high prices from Procter & Gamble, P & G and then to achieve the required sales and cheap sold to wholesalers below.

For example, Procter & Gamble to sell products in a section Changtai price is 10 yuan, Changtai to develop a broader market, often entering these new markets to enter or not to implement preferential policies for low-cost, 9 dollars to sell off the assembly line wholesale business, in the middle of one dollar was paid with ways to other more profitable through the products to be filled, or self-paid with.

But P & G to support the dealer is not without costs, these costs support the basic composition of the two: CSF (customer service charge) and CBDF (customer business development fund). In accordance with the sales of five million yuan Changtai previous operation on the scale, which can be P & G about the cost of three million yuan each year to support, the money to where?

Rui-Hua Liu told the press on these costs is totally inadequate to hold up the entire cost. "From our house to count the daily consumption of these costs and even the remaining, the last two years we have taken different prices in different parts of the implementation of the marketing strategy is the main reason for our loss."

"Changing products" of the troubled

"P & G products 'changing products' phenomenon has developed into a very serious stage, it is very likely to become P & G can not exceed a threshold the future." Liuming Tao said.

As more and more terminals to open retail outlets in the first and second tier cities, distributors have been extremely embarrassing situation. While P & G To be able to guarantee its growth targets, the requirements for distributors are becoming very high, in order to achieve set by P & G sales, distributors had to "changing products." This is obviously a vicious circle, ultimately leading to the P & G products really are very few consumers buy more products piled up in layers of the channel business in the hands.

"Every month, down from the surface, the distributor is to achieve a P & G's request, but not the case." Liuming Tao said, the real total sales of the product only 60% -70% of sales.

Usual "changing products" means nothing more than to drop the price, stickers cost. That is controlled by distributors in their market saturation within a sought after product quantity, in order to achieve the amount set by suppliers, manufacturers get more profit or to fund counter-point to its sales beyond the control of region an act.

But in fact, "changing products," the veteran has a way to exchange goods, but only if both sides distributors have a certain economic strength. Distributors use general business categories, to form a package, the field is a distributor of cash in another suit, this suit is not in accordance with the different categories for different prices, but the sale price unified. Distributors operated in the category, as long as there are several products with a lower price, you can suppress the unit price of many other products.

Thus, as long as P & G's CBDF paste into a very low price point, as P & G's products are voluminous, and can lead to distributors operate many of the brand or category in a lot of points. Tacit approval and even if sales managers is to encourage the dealers of this act, then, while in the performance of unrealistically high, the market price will be washed too messy, the end result is a market disruption, loss of stability of the downstream customer base.

"Changing products" phenomenon not just in Shandong province. Zhejiang Province, who declined to name the original P & G distributors stated: "As an important P & G distributors, we have set a commendable performance, but also distributors and Procter & Gamble has set a model for cooperation. But I'm still less than 2% of the profits because of the initiative out. P & G channel control is not good, these goods is very serious. "

Liu Mingtao even stated: "According to the current situation, if P & G China, factories closed and 2 months, the market is still able to buy P & G's products, because the current pressure in the volume of sales channels too much."

The "changing products," the phenomenon of people think so much more than simple product backlog when too many middle of the channel, the first will cause the price of the confusion, manufacturers are set to crack down on the price system; Second, next to P & G Distributors P & G forecast orders and production will be greatly reduced, over time, it will affect their entire supply chain. "In fact, P & G from now on has been facing a great crisis of the." Liuming Tao said.

For such a serious problem of "changing products" phenomenon, P & G seems to rout. Zai past 10 years, to supply chain thought as a framework and implement business cooperation with distributors, P & G Yi Zhi Yezaidiaozheng Zhenggequdao strategy of buying and selling Guanxi from 绠?崟 important distribution link to the then Zhanlue partners, in every part of the supply chain occupies an important position in P & G has never overlooked the distributor. Why P & G will replace the distributor so frequent it?

A source of: "P & G distributors frequently replaced, in fact, the biggest reason is that China's distributor can not solve," changing products "issue, which P & G runs counter to long-term strategic development." In 1996, Procter & Gamble from the United States the ECR (Efficient Consumer Response Efficient Consumer Response) concept began as a P & G China's long-term strategy, in this strategy, P & G has always been important to distributors in a position of long-term strategic partner, but the Chinese distributor not solve the "changing products," the problems are made in China can not be good ECR implementation.

"In such a case, only the frequent replacement of P & G distributors, to prevent the 'changing products' phenomenon occurred. Procter & Gamble and its distributors from the sales agreement entered into view, replace the distributor of the P & G affected even by his micro. "this source said," solve the 'changing products' is not without problems, the current P & G's distributors all over each province and each distributor over the number of covered market is very small This will naturally serious 'changing products'. as long as the reduction of the number of distributors to expand its coverage of the market area, may be a fundamental control of 'changing products' phenomena. "

Over time, the media enthusiastically participated in the P & G Shandong Distributor "big shake-up" will eventually disappear. But the real hero, most were "cut it down," the distributor will not disappear. Liu Mingtao told reporters that China since the day after the suspension of cooperation with Procter & Gamble has begun to wash products developed outside the industry. "We are now other brands in addition to agents, but also the development of the food, cosmetics, beverages and other industries to see from the current operating state, in good shape."










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Wednesday, October 13, 2010

UML in practice, the current situation and some of the recommendations [2]



The fourth problem is the small number of programmers rely heavily on automatic code generation framework, which is in fact the key issue is not UML. In order to use certain tools they generated is not consistent with the code reading habits of Chinese people, willing to give up everything else. UML for them is just a code generation tool only, so they make the most of little value UML, more formal.

The fifth problem is that project resources. Most of the projects the domestic real resources available are very limited, if the foreign company to other developers to see whether the development cycle or human capital are basically ridiculous. UML should actually run through, not only in the initial design stage, it should run through the entire project team, including design, management, development, testing, everyone should use it.

I think in general the company if not sure do not have too much blind faith in UML / RUP, in fact some of the items do not need-based lightweight RUP or UML. UML is now intend to study with colleagues, it is also possible to first lay down the future, there will be more outstanding technology to replace it, now take the time to learn and practice as much about OO design, something more basic. In fact, just familiarize yourself with the tools and the exchange paradigm, the future for you, just a few days to a month or something, do not care much about. For those who now have decided UML actual project to be successful, my suggestion is as follows:

First, the project cycle at least plan to extend the usual 50% to 100%. You must follow all explained that the only way to make a meaningful UML itself, can effectively improve the quality of project design.

Second, the project began to focus for a period of UML development training. Consistently throughout the project, to be regular all-round exchange of object-oriented design (of course is a combination of UML), the attempt to improve design quality through the exchange.

Third, customers and the company leadership withstand the pressure to put as many design problems to solve in the initial design stage, rather than be forced to rush to complete formalism of UML design, and then cast aside the design and began coding.

Fourth, properly handle the part of the "elite" programmers resistance. To divert the flow, can not be diverted should be considered even subdue him completely out of the project group,. UML magnitude of team development does not encourage individual heroism, no less than cruel to simply not go forward.

Fifth, not too high expectations on the project. Eager acceptance of both the face of higher credit to the government clients, or companies only know how to act recklessly not understand technology leadership, must keep a low profile, it is not necessarily an immediate impact as an experiment ... ...

Well, to write so many, Good luck.







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Sunday, October 10, 2010

Number one TV manufacturer TCL profit fell 51 percent


The world's largest TV maker TCL Multimedia (TCL Multimedia) yesterday announced that net profit fell 51% last year. Companies are struggling to make overseas acquisitions revival.

As the first large-scale overseas expansion of Chinese companies, TCL, and computer maker Lenovo (Lenovo) as is being closely watched. In the IBM announced disappointing results, the Lenovo shares listed in Hong Kong yesterday, tumbling down 6.9%, to 2.35 Hong Kong dollars. Lenovo has agreed to buy IBM's personal computer business. As at 31 December in the year, TCL's can be allocated 642 million net profit from Hong Kong dollars (82 million U.S. dollars) fell to 317 million Hong Kong dollars (40 million U.S. dollars) on sales up 69% to 256 billion. Operating profit fell from 507 million to 497 million HK dollar.

TCL chairman Li Dongsheng warned that this is unlikely to ease. "Global TV market will more than intensifying, which in North America and Europe will be the most difficult operating environment," he said, "The Group will adopt effective measures to realize synergies and to reduce the loss of these two profit centers."

TCL acquired Thomson Corporation (Thomson) loss of the TV and DVD player business, so that the outside world, but profit was not a rich ambitious Chinese manufacturers more worried about the rise. In 2002, TCL agreed to acquire insolvent German manufacturer Schneider Electric (Schneider Electronics).

The Chinese group said yesterday, before Thomson's business last year produced 1.16 billion operating loss. Schneider losses were 1.3 billion.

As a result, operating margin of overseas television business into a loss. KGI Securities (KGI Asia) Cliff 鈥?Fan (Cliff Fan) said: "The company underestimated the reverse operations in North America and Europe more difficult."

Analysts are concerned, TCL's ability to manage their Thomson purchased from a loss department.






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Thursday, September 23, 2010

Shared experience of domestic boutique Foxmail 5.0 (multi-map)


Foxmail 5.0 can be described as "long-awaited" would have broad company said its developer is published by the end of July, but was postponed due to various reasons, they have a month. During this period only in the Sina Web users see a "Foxmail 5.0 Alpha 3 full trial reports are not" test version of the Internet do not see any sign of, really tempt the appetite of the users. However, the breadth of the company means what it says finally, in August of last day of the last joint Sina released Foxmail 5.0 Beta1 version of the following, we would soon see what new changes the new version now!

Still friendly user interface

If your system has been installed the old version of Foxmail, then the implementation of Foxmail 5.0 installation Cheng Xu O'clock, Ji Tong will be prompted whether to upgrade, select "yes" in the new version Jixubaoliu Yuan Lai's accounts, address books.

In general terms, Foxmail 5.0 user interface and does not have much of the change (Figure 1), still maintained a light and breezy style, but XP 32-bit true color characteristics of the icon is likely to make you brighten.



Figure 1 Foxmail 5.0 user interface

Shut out spam

Foxmail 5.0 enhanced anti-spam features in particular, the use of the Bayesian algorithm, rule filtering, blacklists, white lists and so on filtering technology that can accurately identify spam and non-spam.

Foxmail 5.0 blacklist used to record the address to send spam or name of the sender of the message if a new address or name is included in the blacklist, then this message will be determined as spam and moved to "scrap box "in. The white list is used to record will not send junk mail to your address or name of the sender, if the sender's address included in the white list, then the message will be directly determined as non-spam.

If the e-mail address is neither in the blacklist, nor in the white list, then Foxmail 5.0 will continue to use the "Filter Rules of Law" on the e-mail to judge, each corresponding to a fraction of spam rules, when the message matches a rule, the system will message corresponding to the increase in the score, when the message when the score reaches a certain value, will be judged to be spam.

Finally, the system will use the "Bayesian algorithm" on the e-mail to judge, but before you need to let Foxmail study group spam and non-spam. From the "Tools" menu, open the "anti-spam settings", select "Bayesian filtering" option page (Figure 2), click on "learn" button, the message will pop up study guide, select one to learn E-mail, select an appropriate option to start learning. Purpose of the study is to collect the mail features of words, this thesaurus can be automatically generated waste and non-spam lexicon, when discrimination based on "junk words" and "non-spam words" appear frequently in the message as a condition, even if the user not set any rules, Foxmail 5.0 automatically after learning antispam.



Figure 2 uses "Bayesian filtering"

Make your e-mail more secure

On business activities, to ensure the authenticity of the message (not imitation by others, or deletion) and confidentiality (or illegally intercepted by others here) is becoming increasingly important. Foxmail 5.0 can be digitally signed and encrypted messages, compatible with a variety of encryption and decryption algorithms, much convenient for users.

To use the digital signature, first need to log http://ca.foxmail.com.cn broad application provided free of digital certificates, the entire process including the installation of CA root certificate, apply for the certificate, obtain the serial number and password, download and install the certificate. When installed, open the "Tools 鈫?System Settings 鈫?Security" tab page (Figure 3), where you can set whether the contents of all outgoing messages and attachments be encrypted, whether the signature on all outgoing messages and so on.

If you want to send a signed message, as long as the new message window, click the toolbar's "signature" button; send encrypted mail, click on the toolbar as "encryption" button. Read the digital signature or encrypted message, you will find a ribbon marker or lock tag, if there is to read the e-mail security issues, such as e-mail has been tampered with or the sender's digital certificate has expired, Foxmail 5.0 will display a security warning message , and specify the problem.



Figure 3 Setting the digital signature

Web Mail messages received

Homail, MSN, Yahoo and other mail, Web Mail provided only the means of receipt without providing POP3 collection methods. Previous Foxmail 4.2 have support for MSN Hotmail and send and receive mail, but for Yahoo's mail, they can only receive mail from Yahoo.com.cn, but also must agree to receive advertising terms. Now Foxmail 5.0 can not only receive mail from Yahoo.com.cn, but also the normal charge from Yahoo.com posting it! This is the advantage of Foxmail-Hotmail Proxy technology to achieve, if Foxmail-Hotmail Proxy program running on the local machine, then the "POP3 server" field only need to fill "localhost" can be (Figure 4).



聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽

Figure 4 Note that login name to use E-mail address with the registered name to use

Unfortunately, at present we are still only receive mail from Yahoo.com e-mail, mail can not send mail using Yahoo.com, can only function of the EMS.

In addition, perhaps because it is a test version of the reason, Foxmail 5.0 being the way also can not receive IMAP mail, hope to join the official version of the launch of this feature.

Other new features

Import other mail system's address book

Now we can import in Foxmail 5.0 Outlook or OE in the contact list, address book, or even Netscape Mail 3.x and Eudora 3.x in the Address Book can import. The vCard feature can help users achieve PDA, cell phone, the remote server and other equipment and Foxmail address book data exchange between.

Support the electronic business card



Figure 5 Editing a vCard card

VCard electronic business card format is the contact information, vCard format can be widely used in various digital devices and operating systems, as long as the advance in the "Account Properties 鈫?send a message" in the edited your card (Figure 5), after writing a message can be inserted at any time on it. You can use business card information and contact details of the sender's public key digital certificate to send to each other. The other received message will contain a suffix named ". Vcf" attachment, the attachment is vCard card, double-click it the system will open the Microsoft Outlook program displays the appropriate card information.








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Tuesday, September 14, 2010

Zhang Feng: NAS really how it?


In Network Storage, NAS users should be great attention to its data management will play an increasing role. Recently, the store giants such as appointment of the wave-like mass in the NAS market, returning to the situation.

Once, NAS and SAN is the network storage to keep pace with the two methods, some companies have created a growth miracle with NAS. But with the SAN, a single show, nearly two years, NAS sound more and more weak, the many users described themselves as SAN storage case, many readers can not help asking: NAS how exactly it?

However, according to recently published IDC report, NAS market will be 14.7% compound annual growth rate, as of 2008, revenue will reach 3.089 billion U.S. dollars; and NAS in all external disk storage market share from 10.8 in 2003 % to 16.2% in 2008, growth rate second only to iSCSI SAN.

IDC forecast as well as clearly demonstrated by recent major storage vendors have taken the field in the NAS generous, so we can see the NAS market has been calm for a long time to revival.

FY 1: IBM alliance with NetApp

One is Big Blue, one NAS leaders, the combination is the most underestimated in the field of mainstream players. NetApp's products and technologies and the IMB, if the perfect combination of brand and channel their competitiveness will increase dramatically.

April 7, IBM and Network Appliance Inc. announced a strategic storage relationship, expanding IBM storage solution product line. IBM has the industry's large and advanced storage and information management products.

Based on this relationship, NetApp and IBM will enter into an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) agreement, as sales of IBM IBM brand solutions, this program is built on NetApp's unified and open network attached storage and iSCSI / IP SAN solution including NearStore and the NetApp V-Series systems, and related software services. IDC recently released data show that in 2004, NetApp NAS and iSCSI are two areas of the market share leader in both. Under this agreement, compared to other OEM reseller of NetApp, IBM will NetApp products to more countries and regions.

The agreement will also enhance the NetApp applications with IBM Tivoli Storage Manager features, aimed at delivering additional customer value. IBM Tivoli Storage Manager is the product of choice for NetApp backup and recovery solution, but also IBM TotalStorage Open Software family of products critical. In addition, NetApp customers increasingly seeking a complete tiered storage solution, NetApp will IBM as the preferred supplier of tape systems for NetApp customers to provide solutions. Eventually, the two companies will continue to seek more strategic partnership opportunities.

Analysts say, IBM and NetApp can support open standards as the industry leader, IBM, and NetApp's open solutions to bring greater value for customers because it provides a system-level innovation of open solutions, and EMC provided that the private solution.

NetApp CEO Dan Warmenhoven said the company, this joint is the innovative nature of NetApp storage solutions with the IBM global market reach, service organization and technology family of products, hopes the two sides Jinhoubuduan bring joint solutions to long-term as win-win situation.

FY 2: HP to networked storage easier

Product advantages with the powerful servers, HP is working to provide a total solution for users Fang An, simplicity of storage is the common goal of vendors and users. Combined with Microsoft's NAS operating system, HP bright prospects in the low-end market.

HP's Network Storage Product Manager Zhang Jianjun introduction, since the HP NAS ProLiant Storage Server has been renamed, from the channel, these items will be accepted. HP is now a full range of network-attached storage are officially renamed the ProLiant Storage Server.

In the SME market, the user choice in storage have been some changes in this market requires simple network storage, requires information sharing, information sharing in the future, the need for better use, management and the provision of adequate information protection. The large enterprise customers are not the same, including high availability, 7 脳 24-hour availability and support of some key business and data fault tolerance, on the more complex environment support. Also worth noting is that SMEs often do not have a dedicated user storage engineers, requiring a simple integrated solution.

Many small and medium customers to use an ordinary PC server for file servers, HP believes that the traditional multi-purpose server is a server, just file services, the storage is far from a dedicated storage server, powerful, and many application-oriented features are not play, the formation of a waste of resources.

HP ProLiant Storage Server uses standardized modules and management system, based on Windows Storage Server 2003, the same time, HP offers integrated Web interface, the user access to NAS environment is a very familiar Windows interface. The ProLiant Storage Server, it is pre-configured, pre-installed system, the user without additional configuration, deployment is simple. In addition, it is a server for storage, so have a good storage capacity, with high scalability.

HP ProLiant Storage Server can also function NAS and SAN combined in a shared storage pool. This integration feature will NAS "head" or "gateway" and the SAN is connected, in order to provide file services for the client. Application server can also connect to the SAN, the data block service. Enhanced scalability and manageability, file-level access and virtualization enables users to make full use of storage networking, storage of various types of data.

FY 3: EMC launched high-end programs

EMC is the boss of external disk storage, the user complete storage solutions, EMC certainly do not want to have some areas of "lame." High-end NAS at EMC's ILM strategy has a significant place.

Recently, EMC announced its high-end NAS gateway Celerra NSX, while all of its Celerra NAS operating system upgraded.

Celerra NSX can be used in a chassis 8 "X-blade", its storage capacity to 16TB. EMC said, Celerra NSX will be equipped with file system virtualization software and support ILM strategy, product positioning in the hope of the NAS device to integrate a large enterprise. EMC also said, Celerra NSX performance of NFS operations per second 300 thousand, compared with its prior performance NAS gateway products improved 70%.

Equipped with four X-Blade Celerra NSX system, cost about 278,250 U.S. dollars, the standard include: dual-manager, dual power supply, support CIFS protocol, support the local copy of the EMC Celerra SnapSure, Web-based management of EMC Celerra Manager and so on.

NetApp and EMC are a key feature for users: the global namespace. This feature allows users to build a large virtual storage pool in the form of management of files stored in NAS. The acquisition of Spinnaker, NetApp gained global namespace technology, but not be completely embedded in most of its NAS devices. Although not all of EMC NAS system global namespace technology, but EMC has extended memory management technology to enable large file block can be integrated into a virtual entity. Using CNX, virtual file storage up to 16TB, in the past only 2TB.

Although there does not implement the functionality, but EMC is still beyond the expectations of the industry, and accelerate the pace of development of high-end NAS. If the performance of EMC's software, as claimed,'s worth to attract enterprise users. These features include multiple file systems (up to 2,000 per NSX), system monitoring, graphical interface to support replication management, and customized automatic port allocation, the data stored in different locations, such as tiered storage.

FY 4: HDS NAS market advance

High-end storage hardware platform has been a proud place HDS, now joined in this platform, NAS blade, HDS platform, users can achieve a higher level of data integration and storage consolidation.

Hitachi Data Systems (HDS) announced in April the market in full swing for the NAS product offensive, which means that many NAS Hitachi Data released new products will range from high-end market to the SME market. The company's main action is in the TagmaStore Universal Storage platform designed a new generation of embedded NAS blade. According to reports, the price of comparable new network storage NAS gateway and server third.

The program requires only a NAS blade, you can consolidate multiple NAS filers and large NAS workloads, and reduces purchasing costs, eliminate a variety of file server or NAS server islands created to facilitate the procurement and management.

Hitachi NAS Blade is the first embedded NAS blade to NAS and SAN data management software through a common, co-exist in the same storage pool. NAS has many features of the blade and the Universal Storage Platform will fully integrate its advanced virtualization capabilities.

Users can common virtual layer, such as EMC's Symmetrix, CLARiiON CX series storage systems and IBM TotalStorage DS4000 and ESS 2105, the NAS data transferred to the Universal Storage Platform to connect to any storage system, creating a tiered storage environment and through all the data (NAS, FC, SATA, ATA, ESCON, FICON) of a single management, integrated management of all SAN and NAS resources. HDS said it will provide users with better management, greater security, and reduce the cost of the infrastructure network connection. The introduction of these new products so users do not need an external cable, which simplifies business-to-Fibre Channel and IP protocol of the visit, and through multiple images into one with advanced technology, high availability, high reliability of NAS solutions reduce management costs. In addition, users can also use the Hitachi HiCommand Suite to manage all storage assets, and thus further reduce total cost of ownership.

Introduction of high-end systems for embedded NAS blade, the Hitachi's strategy is to target high-growth small and medium enterprises based on Windows and Linux market, a series of optimized midrange NAS products and services.

D like to see Code

2 lead to Rome

Throughout the current NAS market, high-end and low end products are worthy of attention.

High-end market, high-end features is the data management functions. Such as NetApp's RAID-DP, FlexVol and FlexClone, are great innovations; EMC also introduced a virtual file system technology to simplify the NAS management, and the multiple independent file systems into a single virtual system; the same time the two companies will also will provide global namespace feature.

As for the low-end market, Microsoft's contribution is enormous, WSS 2003 integrates a foundation in the bottom of the storage management features, Microsoft recently announced that the backup area, the first NAS product will backup support, which is on the small and medium enterprises good thing, in the future NAS products that they can "one-stop" purchase. Users will want a simple low-end product, simple, and then simple.






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Thursday, July 29, 2010

For Unix terminal as the user moving



In the Windows operating system, the terminal can also make some simple settings. If you can set the input method of switching health and so on. But in the Windows operating system, this terminal set is very small. In the Unix operating system, you can set the terminal's many features to facilitate users. In fact, if we really want the user, in practical work may have encountered a similar phenomenon. If in some Unix operating systems, use the backspace key to delete a character; but in some operating systems are not. Even in the same version of the shell in the encounter this situation. In fact, this is not a problem with the keyboard, but because of the terminal caused by the personalized settings. Unix Systems Engineer sometimes need to adjust the terminal settings to suit their own work habits. Unix to manage the terminal as a file, so you can set the parameters of its many, basically contains all the features related with the terminal. But the system is not a lot of engineers actually use mainly the following aspects of the content.

1, Ctrl + C key combination can exit the application.

銆??鏃犺鏄疷nix鎿嶄綔绯荤粺涔熷ソ锛屾槸Linux鎿嶄綔绯荤粺涔熷ソ锛屾湁鏃跺?浼氶亣鍒板懡浠ゆ棤娉曞搷搴旂殑鎯呭喌銆傛垨鑰呮暟锛岀敱浜庤繍琛屾椂闂存瘮杈冮暱锛岃秴杩囦簡绯荤粺宸ョ▼甯堢殑蹇嶈?鏃堕棿銆傛鏃讹紝鐢ㄦ埛寰?線鍙互閫氳繃Ctrl+C閿潵涓柇杩涚▼锛屼腑鏂懡浠ょ殑杩愯銆備絾鏄湁浜涚郴缁熷伐绋嬪笀鐢ㄤ笉鎯繖涓粍鍚堥敭銆傜敱浜庡畠浠敤鎯簡寰蒋鐨勪骇鍝併?鍦ㄥ井杞殑璁颁簨鏈垨鑰匴ord绛夌増鏈枃浠朵腑锛岃繖涓懡浠ゆ槸鐢ㄦ潵澶嶅埗鏂囨湰鐨勩?鐜板湪瑕佽浠栦滑鐢ㄦ潵涓柇鍛戒护琛岋紝浠栦滑灏卞鏄撴悶娣枫?涓烘鏈変簺绯荤粺宸ョ▼甯堝氨鍠滄灏嗚繖涓睆骞曞睆钄芥帀銆傚湪Unix绯荤粺涓紝杩欎釜鍔熻兘鏄?杩囧叧閿瓧intr鏉ユ帶鍒剁殑銆傚鏋滆灞忚斀杩欎釜鍔熻兘锛屽彧闇?灏嗚繖涓墽琛宻tty鍛戒护鍗冲彲銆備笉杩囩瑪鑰呭缓璁紝鏈?ソ杩樻槸涓嶇敤鍔ㄨ繖涓叧閿瓧涓哄ソ銆傚惁鍒欑殑璇濓紝鍒扮湡鐨勯渶瑕佹帹鍑烘煇涓繍琛岀潃鐨勫懡浠ゆ椂锛屽氨鏃犳硶寮哄埗閫?嚭浜嗐?

銆??濡傛灉闇?閲嶆柊鍚姩杩欎釜鍛戒护锛屽垯鍙互鍒╃敤stty intr ^c鏉ヨ缃?鍏朵腑Intr鏄帶鍒惰繖涓姛鑳界殑鍏抽敭瀛椼?^涓や釜绗﹀彿鍦ㄧ郴缁熶腑鏈夌壒娈婄殑鍚箟銆傚湪Unix涓璁剧疆鏌愪釜缁堢鍏抽敭瀛楀?锛岃繖閲岄噰鐢ㄧ殑鏄弽鏂滄潌锛岃?涓嶆槸绛夊彿鎴栬?鍏朵粬绗﹀彿銆傚彟澶栵紝^鍦║nix绯荤粺涓彨鍋氳劚瀛楃锛屽畠鍦ㄧ粓绔叧閿瓧璁剧疆鏃朵唬琛ㄧ殑鏄敭鐩樹笂鐨刢trl閿?鏈?悗鐨勫瓧绗琛ㄧず閿洏涓婄殑c閿?涓嶈繃闇?娉ㄦ剰鐨勬槸锛岃繖鏄竴涓皬蹇冪殑瀛楃c锛岃?涓嶆槸澶у啓鐨勩?涓婇潰杩欎釜鍛戒护灏辨槸鍛婅瘔鎿嶄綔绯荤粺锛屽埄鐢–trl+c閿綔涓轰腑鏂鍙枫?

銆??浜屻?鏂囦欢缁撳熬绗﹀彿鐨勮缃?

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銆??涓夈?閫?牸閿槸鍚﹀厑璁稿垹闄ゅ瓧绗︺?

銆??鍦ㄩ敭鐩樹笂鏈変袱涓敭锛屼竴涓槸del閿紝鐢ㄦ潵鍚戝悗鍒犻櫎瀛楃銆傚彟澶栦竴涓槸閫?牸閿紝鍒欑敤鏉ュ悜鍓嶅垹闄ゅ瓧绗︺?浣嗘槸鏈夋椂鍊欑郴缁熷伐绋嬪笀浼氬彂鐜伴?鏍奸敭涓嶈兘澶熻捣浣滅敤锛屽叾涓嶈兘澶熷悜鍚庡垹闄ゅ瓧绗︺?鎺掗櫎閿洏鏁呴殰澶栵紝寰?線涔熸槸杩欎釜缁堢閰嶇疆鎵?児鐨勭ジ銆傚湪缁堢閰嶇疆涓湁涓叧閿瓧鍙仛echoe锛屽叾灏辨槸鐢ㄦ潵鎺у埗鏄惁鍏佽浣跨敤閫?牸閿潵鍚戝悗鍒犻櫎瀛楃銆備笉杩囪繖涓缃窡涓婇潰鐨勮缃柟娉曟湁宸紓銆傚鏋滈渶瑕佺鐢ㄨ繖涓姛鑳界殑璇濓紝鍒欓渶瑕佷娇鐢╯tty 鈥揺choe鍛戒护銆傚鏋滈渶瑕佸惎鐢ㄧ殑璇濓紝鍒欓渶瑕佷娇鐢╯tty echoe鍛戒护銆?br />
銆??鍏跺疄锛屽湪Unix鎿嶄綔绯荤粺涓紝璺熺粓绔浉鍏崇殑鍏抽敭瀛椾富瑕佹湁涓ょ琛ㄧ幇褰㈠紡锛屽垎鍒负鍏抽敭瀛?鏌愪釜鍊兼垨鑰呭叧閿瓧(-鍏抽敭瀛?绛夊舰寮忚〃绀恒?杩欎袱绉嶅舰寮忕殑鍏抽敭瀛楀叾鍊艰缃殑鏂瑰紡鏄笉鍚岀殑銆傚涓婇潰鎻愬埌鐨勪腑绔鍙凤紝鍏剁郴缁熶腑鐨勬樉绀烘牸寮忎负鍏抽敭瀛?鏌愪釜鍊肩殑鏍煎紡(intr=^c)銆傚浜庤繖涓牸寮忕殑鍏抽敭瀛楅渶瑕侀噰鐢ㄧ殑鏄痎鐨勮皟鏁存柟寮忥紝鍏跺彲浠ラ噸鏂拌缃姛鑳介敭銆傝?鐜板湪鐨勯?鏍煎姛鑳界殑鍏抽敭瀛椾负echoe锛屽叾鏄剧ず鏍煎紡涓哄叧閿瓧(-鍏抽敭瀛?銆傝繖绉嶅叧閿瓧鍙堝彨鍋氬紑鍏冲叧閿瓧銆備篃灏辨槸璇村叾鍙湁鍚敤鎴栬?绂佺敤銆傝?涓嶈兘澶熶娇鐢ㄥ叾浠栫殑鍐呭鏉ヤ唬鏇裤?瀵逛簬杩欑绫诲瀷鐨勫叧閿瓧锛岃璋冩暣鍏跺?鐨勮瘽锛屼篃鐩稿绠?崟銆傚彧闇?鍒╃敤stty (-)鍏抽敭瀛楃殑褰㈠紡鍗冲彲銆傚鏋滃叧閿瓧鍓嶉潰娌℃湁鍑忓彿鐨勮瘽锛屽垯璇存槑杩欎釜鍔熻兘鏄惎鐢ㄧ殑銆傚鏋滄湁鍑忓彿鐨勮瘽锛屽垯璇存槑杩欎釜鍔熻兘鏄鐢ㄧ殑銆傚鏋滅郴缁熷伐绋嬪笀鍙嶅厛杩欎釜閫?牸閿笉鑳界敤浜嗭紝鍙互鍏堝埄鐢ㄥ懡浠tty 鈥揳鍛戒护鏉ユ煡鐪嬪綋鍓嶇粓绔殑閰嶇疆銆傜壒鍒槸闇?鍏虫敞涓?簺杩欎釜echoe鍏抽敭瀛楋紝鐪嬪叾鍓嶉潰鏄惁鏈夊噺鍙枫?濡傛灉鏈夌殑璇濓紝灏辫〃绀哄綋鍓嶄笉鑳藉鍒╃敤閫?牸閿潵鍚戝墠鍒犻櫎涓?釜瀛楃銆傛鏃剁郴缁熷伐绋嬪笀鍙互鍒╃敤stty echoe鏉ュ惎鐢ㄨ繖涓姛鑳姐?閫氬父鎯呭喌涓嬶紝涓嶉渶瑕佹敞閿?郴缁熸垨鑰呭叧闂綋鍓嶄細璇濊繖涓缃氨浼氱敓鏁堛?涓嶅悓鐨剆hell瀵硅繖涓?鏍奸敭鐨勯粯璁よ缃槸涓嶅悓鐨勩?鎵?互涓轰簡鎿嶄綔鐨勬柟渚匡紝绯荤粺宸ョ▼甯堟湁鏃跺?寰?線闇?璋冩暣杩欎釜閫?牸閿殑鍔熻兘锛屾潵淇濊瘉鍚勪釜鐗堟湰鐨剆hell 閮借兘澶熶娇鐢ㄨ繖涓姛鑳芥垨鑰呯鐢ㄨ繖涓姛鑳姐?

銆??鍥涖?鐢ㄦ埛杈撳叆鐨勫唴瀹逛笉鍥炴樉銆?br />
銆??鍦ㄧ櫥闄哢nix鎿嶄綔绯荤粺鏃?鏂囨湰妯″紡涓?锛岀敤鎴烽渶瑕佽緭鍏ュ笎鎴峰悕涓庡瘑鐮佹墠鑳藉鐧婚檰銆傚綋鐢ㄦ埛杈撳叆瀵嗙爜鏃讹紝鍦ㄥ睆骞曚笂涓嶄細鏈変换浣曠殑鎻愮ず锛岃繛*濂芥帺楗扮鍙烽兘娌℃湁銆傛湁鏃跺?锛岀郴缁熷伐绋嬪笀涓轰簡浼肩殑鑴氭绋嬪簭涔熷彲浠ュ悜杩欎釜鍙d护涓?牱锛屾帴鏀剁敤鎴风殑杈撳叆鑰屼笉鏄皢鍐呭杈撳嚭鍒板睆骞曚笂(鍗崇敤鎴疯緭鍏ョ殑鍐呴儴涓嶅洖鏄惧埌灞忓箷涓?锛屽氨闇?淇敼echo杩欎釜鍏抽敭瀛楃殑鍊笺?涓嶈瑕佹敞鎰忥紝淇敼杩欎釜鍏抽敭瀛楃殑鏃跺?闇?涓夋璧般?绗竴姝ュ皢杩欎釜鍏抽敭瀛楄缃负-echo(琛ㄧず鍚戝瘑鐮侀偅鏍蜂笉鍥炴樉鐢ㄦ埛杈撳叆鐨勫唴瀹?;绗簩姝ヤ笉鍥炴樉鐨勬帴鏀剁敤鎴疯緭鍏ョ殑鍐呭锛屾鏃剁敤鎴风殑浠讳綍杈撳叆涓嶄細鏄剧ず鍒板睆骞曚笂;绗笁姝ュ啀灏嗚繖涓叧閿瓧璁剧疆涓篹cho锛屽嵆鍚庣画鐨勫唴瀹瑰厑璁稿叾鏄剧ず鍦ㄥ睆骞曚笂銆傚洜涓哄湪澶ч儴鍒嗘儏鍐典笅锛岄兘鏄渶瑕佺郴缁熷皢鐢ㄦ埛杈撳叆鐨勭粨鏋滄樉绀哄湪灞忓箷涓婄殑銆傚惁鍒欑殑璇濓紝涓嶈兘澶熶繚璇佺敤鎴疯緭鍏ョ殑鍑嗙‘鎬с?鎵?互锛屽湪浣跨敤瀹屾瘯鍚庯紝涓?畾瑕佽杩欎釜鍏抽敭瀛楄缃负鍘熷厛鐨勫?锛屽嵆鍒╃敤stty 鈥揺cho灏嗚繖涓叧閿瓧璁剧疆鍥炴潵銆傝繖閲宔cho涔熸槸鍒╃敤-鍙锋潵浠h〃鐨勪竴涓叧閿瓧锛屼篃灏辨槸璇磋繖涓姛鑳戒篃鏄竴涓紑鍏冲姛鑳姐?鍦ㄨ缃椂锛岃涔堝叧闂紝瑕佷箞鍚敤銆傝?绗笁绉嶅鐞嗘柟娉曘?涔熷氨鏄锛屽鏋滄兂瑕佺敤鎴疯緭鍏ョ殑鍐呭浠?鍙锋潵浠f浛鐨勮瘽锛屽垯闇?閲囩敤鍏朵粬鐨勬柟寮忋?纭疄锛岃繖涓互*鏄剧ず鐨勬柟寮忚窡缁堢璁剧疆鏃犲叧銆?br />
銆??鍙锛屽湪Unix鎿嶄綔绯荤粺涓紝瀵逛簬缁堢鐨勬帶鍒惰姣斿湪Windows鎿嶄綔绯荤粺寮虹殑澶氥?鏈夋椂鍊欑郴缁熷伐绋嬪笀涓轰簡鍦ㄥ涓搷浣滅郴缁熺増涓繚璇佷竴涓瘮杈冪粺涓?殑缁堢閰嶇疆锛屽線寰?細灏嗚繖浜涘唴瀹瑰啓鎴愪竴涓剼鏈枃浠躲?鐒跺悗閬囧埌涓?釜鏂扮殑shell鏃讹紝浼氬厛涓嶇涓変竷浜屽崄涓?紝鎵ц杩欎釜鑴氭湰銆傚姝わ紝灏卞彲浠ュ疄鐜癠nix缁堢闅忕敤鎴疯?鍔紝鏍规嵁鐢ㄦ埛鐨勬搷浣滀範鎯潵杩涜缁堢閰嶇疆鐨勮皟鏁淬?







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Tuesday, July 27, 2010

C # Learning Notes (April 3)


Public type system (Common Type System) built a set of data types, provide. NET languages define variables, use variables, management variables type of common rules.

C # type can be divided into two categories: one is a real value type (Value Type), configured in the stack (stack) which is always not as null; and those for the reference type (Reference Type), configure them in the Managed Heap . C # is type-safe language, is not allowed to use the variable before the variable initialization.

Learn C # and the relevance of operands is important priorities, contribute to the operation of the process of writing applications, and application debugging.

Use conversion operation can be clearly the number of the type into another type, but the conversion to note whether an overflow issues in order to allow programs to a more stable implementation.

C # provides a number of statements can be used to control program flow. Common choice statements: if, switch to a specific value or statement to decide whether or not the implementation code. Repeat statement: such as while, do, for, foreach can repeat a section of code several times. Jump statements: like goto, break, continue, etc., used to control the conversion process.

To be more stable applications implemented in the programming will have to be careful when handling an exception error, in order to avoid the user in operation due to unexpected movements such as opening a file does not exist, the encounter program infinite loop problem. When the C # application program execution when an error occurs, the system generates an exception error, you can use in C #, try ... catch catch the error and prompts the user instructions appropriate information. If the system error handler can not meet the needs of programmers can write their own inherited class System.Exception exception type.

using System; class Method (public static void MyMethod () (Console.WriteLine ("This is a method (Method) is nothing but a bunch of C # code in the set."); Console.WriteLine ("method in a different language different names: such as functions, subroutines, etc. ");) public static int Main () (Console.WriteLine (" This is a method, Main, WriteLine and MyMethod are three ways this code "); MyMethod (); Return 0;))
In C # all the way to a member of a class, which allows other global functions, global vice procedure programming language (such as C, C + +, VB, etc.), not the same place.






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